UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2020

OR

For the transition period from ______________ to _______________

Commission File Number 001-36216

IDEAL POWER INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

4120 Freidrich Lane, Suite 100

Austin, Texas 78744

(Address of principal executive offices)

(Zip Code)

(512) 264-1542

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

 (Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

 Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period than the registrant was required to submit such files).

Yes x No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark whether the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the issuer is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No x

As of November 11, 2020, the issuer had 2,975,388 shares of common stock, par value $.001, outstanding.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I-FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

IDEAL POWER INC.

Balance Sheets

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed financial statements.

IDEAL POWER INC.

Statements of Operations

(unaudited)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed financial statements.

IDEAL POWER INC.

Statements of Cash Flows

(unaudited)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed financial statements.

IDEAL POWER INC.

Statement of Stockholders’ Equity

For the Three-Month Periods during the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 and 2019

(unaudited)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

Ideal Power Inc.

Notes to Financial Statements

(unaudited)

Note 1 – Organization and Description of Business

Ideal Power Inc. (the “Company”) was incorporated in Texas on May 17, 2007 under the name Ideal Power Converters, Inc. The Company changed its name to Ideal Power Inc. on July 8, 2013 and re-incorporated in Delaware on July 15, 2013. With headquarters in Austin, Texas, it developed power conversion solutions with a focus on solar + storage, microgrid and stand-alone energy storage applications. The principal products of the Company were 30-kilowatt power conversion systems, including 2-port and multi-port products.

In April 2018, the Company realigned into two operating divisions: Power Conversion Systems, to continue the commercialization of its PPSA™ technology, and B-TRAN, to develop its Bi-directional bi-polar junction TRANsistor (B-TRAN™) solid state switch technology.

In January 2019, the Board of Directors of the Company (the “Board”) approved a strategic shift to focus on the commercialization of its B-TRAN™ technology and a plan to suspend further power converter system development and sales while the Company located a buyer for its power conversion systems division and PPSA™ technology. In September 2019, the Company closed on the sale of the power conversion systems division and the Company is now solely focused on the further development and commercialization of its B-TRAN™ technology. Prior to the sale of the Company’s PPSA™ business and technology in September 2019, the Company classified the power conversion system division as held for sale. The Company shows this division as a discontinued operation in these financial statements. 

Since its inception, the Company has generated limited revenues from the sale of products and has financed its research and development efforts and operations primarily through the sale of common stock and warrants. The Company’s continued operations are dependent upon, among other things, its ability to obtain adequate sources of funding through future revenues, follow-on stock offerings, issuances of warrants, debt financing, co-development agreements, government grants, sale or licensing of developed intellectual property or other alternatives.

Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) for Form 10-Q. Accordingly, certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. The Balance Sheet at December 31, 2019 has been derived from the Company’s audited financial statements included in its Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 31, 2020.

In the opinion of management, these financial statements reflect all normal recurring, and other adjustments, necessary for a fair presentation. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019. Operating results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of operating results for an entire fiscal year or any other future periods.

Reverse Stock Split

On August 15, 2019, the Company effected a reverse stock split of the outstanding shares of its common stock by a ratio of one-for-ten, and its common stock began trading on the Nasdaq Capital Market on a split-adjusted basis on August 20, 2019. The par value of the Company’s common stock remained unchanged at $0.001 per share after the reverse stock split. All share amounts, per share data, share prices, exercise prices and conversion rates set forth in these notes and the accompanying financial statements have, where applicable, been adjusted retroactively to reflect the reverse stock split. 

Liquidity and Going Concern

As reflected in the accompanying condensed financial statements, the Company had a net loss of $6.7 million and used $2.3 million of cash in operating activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2020. At September 30, 2020, the Company had net working capital of $3.4 million and the Company’s principal source of liquidity consisted of $3.8 million of cash and cash equivalents. The Company’s independent registered public accounting firm, in its report on the Company’s 2019 financial statements, raised substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. On August 5, 2020 the Company completed an Early Warrant Exercise Transaction (as defined below). See Note 9. The Early Warrant Exercise Transaction raised net proceeds of $2.5 million, thereby alleviating the substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern for at least the next twelve months from the date of issuance of these financial statements.

The accompanying condensed financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, which contemplates the realization of assets and the settlement of liabilities and commitments in the normal course of business. The ability of the Company to continue as a going concern is dependent on its ability to raise additional capital and to develop profitable operations through implementation of its current business initiatives, however, there can be no assurances that the Company will be able to do so. Additionally, the outbreak of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) has caused significant disruptions to the global financial markets which could further impact the Company’s ability to raise additional capital. If external financing sources are not available or are inadequate to fund operations, or the technology under development is not capable of generating sustainable revenues in the future, the Company will be required to reduce operating costs, which could jeopardize future strategic initiatives and business plans, or cease operations. 

Revenue Recognition

The Company recognizes revenue and related cost of revenue in accordance with FASB ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (ASC 606) and, as applicable, with the guidance issued by the FASB in June 2018 for the recipients of grants.

Currently, the Company recognizes grant revenue and cost of grant revenue only. Government contracts, including grants, are agreements that generally provide the Company with cost reimbursement for certain types of development activities over a contractually defined period. Grant revenue is recognized in the period during which the Company incurs the related costs, provided that the Company has incurred the cost in accordance with the specifications and work plans determined between the Company and the government entity.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company recognized $154,302 of grant revenue and cost of grant revenue. The grant revenue relates to a $1.2 million subcontract with Diversified Technologies, Inc. (DTI), signed in June 2020, to supply B-TRAN™ devices as part of a two-year contract awarded to DTI by the United States Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA) for the development and demonstration of a B-TRAN™ enabled high efficiency direct current circuit breaker. The Company accounts for this subcontract as an exchange transaction under applicable guidance. No grant revenue was recognized in the nine months ended September 30, 2019. Unbilled grant receivables were $28,623 at September 30, 2020 and were included in accounts receivable, net.

Earnings Per Share

In accordance with ASC 260, shares issuable for little or no cash consideration are considered outstanding common shares and included in the computation of basic earnings per share. As such, the Company includes pre-funded warrants to purchase shares of common stock and warrant shares held in abeyance in its computation of earnings per share. The pre-funded warrants were issued in November 2019 with an exercise price of $0.001. See Note 7. The warrant shares held in abeyance were a result of the Early Warrant Exercise Transaction (as defined below). See Note 9.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Management does not believe that any recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting standard, if adopted, would have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements.

Note 3 – Discontinued Operations

In January 2019, the Board approved a strategic shift to focus on the commercialization of the Company’s B-TRAN™ technology and a plan to suspend further power converter system development and sales while the Company located a buyer for its power conversion systems division. In addition, in January 2019, the Company implemented a reduction-in-force in connection with this exit activity and recognized an expense of $92,600 in involuntary termination benefits.

The Company’s power conversion system division, a component supplier to energy storage system integrators, had not achieved the necessary scale to generate positive cash flows. As the division was dependent on the ability of its customers to scale in the small commercial and industrial segment of the storage market and based on the sales forecasts and commitments provided by these customers, the Company did not expect its power conversion systems division to scale sufficiently in the short term, requiring an inflow of additional capital for the business. As such, the decision was made to exit the power conversion systems business and sell the division and the Company’s PPSA™ technology and focus on the Company’s B-TRAN™ technology.

As a result, the assets held for sale and discontinued operations criteria were met and the Company’s financial statements are presented in accordance with ASC 205. Under ASC 205-20-45-10, during the period in which a component meets the assets held for sale and discontinued operations criteria, an entity must present the assets and liabilities of the discontinued operation separately in the asset and liability sections of the balance sheet for the comparative reporting periods. The prior period balance sheet should be reclassified for the held for sale items. For income statements, the current and prior periods should report the results of operations of the component in discontinued operations when comparative income statements are presented.

On September 19, 2019, the Company closed on the sale of its power conversion systems division to CE+T Energy Solutions, Inc. (“CE+T Energy”). The consideration consisted of $200,000 in cash and 50 shares of CE+T Energy’s common stock, issued on December 11, 2019, which represented a 5% ownership interest in CE+T Energy as of the closing date. The Company did not record any value of the equity consideration obtained in the sale as there is not currently a market for such shares and the Company does not have access to current financial information and future financial projections of CE+T Energy. CE+T Energy also assumed certain liabilities of the power conversion systems division in connection with the sale. The net cash proceeds from the sale were $23,587.

As a result of the sale, the Balance Sheets at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 do not include assets held for sale. 

The following is a reconciliation of the major classes of line items constituting loss on discontinued operations to loss on discontinued operations shown in the Statement of Operations:

Note 4 – Intangible Assets

Intangible assets, net consisted of the following:

Amortization expense amounted to $23,110 and $68,456 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively, and $21,554 and $57,563 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, respectively. Amortization expense for the succeeding five years and thereafter is $23,179 (2020), $92,714 (2021-2024) and $934,447 (thereafter).

At September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company had capitalized $255,041 and $335,224, respectively, for costs related to patents that have not been awarded.

Note 5 – Lease

The Company leases 14,782 square feet of office and laboratory space located in Austin, Texas. In April 2018, the Company entered into an amendment to its existing operating lease which extended the lease term from May 31, 2018 to May 31, 2021. The annual base rent in the first year of the lease extension was $184,775 and increases by $7,391 in each succeeding year of the lease extension. In addition, the Company is required to pay its proportionate share of operating costs for the building under this triple net lease. The lease does not contain renewal or termination options.

On January 1, 2019, the Company adopted ASC 842 utilizing a modified retrospective approach with a date of initial application at the beginning of the period of adoption. At adoption, the Company recognized a right of use asset of $422,819 and lease liability of $427,131. As the discount rate implicit in the lease was not readily determinable and the Company did not have any outstanding indebtedness, the Company utilized market data, giving consideration to remaining term of the lease, to estimate its incremental borrowing rate at 8% per annum for purposes of calculating the right of use asset and lease liability.

In September 2019, the Company entered into a sublease with CE+T Energy pursuant to which the Company subleases approximately seventy-five (75%) percent of its Austin, Texas facility to CE+T Energy. Under the sublease, CE+T Energy is obligated to make monthly payments equal to 75% of all sums due under the master lease and 100% of any maintenance and repair costs related to the subleased premises. The sublease replaced a temporary agreement between the Company and CE+T Energy, effective July 22, 2019, that contained similar payment obligations by CE+T Energy for utilization of the subleased premises. Consistent with the master lease, the sublease terminates on May 31, 2021. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, CE+T Energy made payments of $51,459 and $154,383, respectively, to the Company related to the subleased premises. The payments included CE+T Energy’s share of rent as well as its proportionate share of operating costs for the building under the master lease. The Company recognized these payments as a reduction in general and administrative expenses.

Future minimum payments under the lease, as amended, are as follows:

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, operating cash flows for lease payments totaled $49,889 and $146,588, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, operating cash flows for lease payments totaled $48,042 and $141,045, respectively. For both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, operating lease cost, recognized on a straight-line basis, totaled $48,488 and $145,463, respectively. At September 30, 2020, the remaining lease term was 8 months.

Note 6 – Commitments and Contingencies

License Agreement

In 2015, the Company entered into licensing agreements which expire in February 2033. Per the agreements, the Company has an exclusive royalty-free license associated with semiconductor power switches which enhances its intellectual property portfolio. The agreements include both fixed payments, all of which were paid prior to 2017, and ongoing variable payments. The variable payments are a function of the number of associated patent filings pending and patents issued under the agreements. The Company will pay $10,000 for each patent filing pending and $20,000 for each patent issued within 20 days of December 21^st of each year of the agreements, up to a maximum of $100,000 per year (i.e. five issued patents).

In April 2019, a patent associated with these agreements was issued and the Company recorded, as a non-cash activity, an intangible asset and a corresponding other long-term liability of $232,367, representing the estimated present value of future payments under the licensing agreements for this issued patent. Through September 30, 2020, three patents associated with the agreements were issued. At September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the other long-term liability for the estimated present value of future payments under the licensing agreements was $607,974 and $595,802, respectively. The Company is accruing interest for future payments related to the issued patents associated with these agreements.

Legal Proceedings

The Company may be subject to litigation from time to time in the ordinary course of business. The Company is not currently party to any legal proceedings that it believes would reasonably have a material adverse impact on its business, financial results and cash flows.

COVID-19 Pandemic

In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the outbreak of COVID-19 as a pandemic, which continues to spread throughout the United States and the rest of the world. The ultimate extent of the impact of COVID-19 on the financial performance of the Company will depend on future developments, including, among other things, the duration and spread of COVID-19, governmental restrictions in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, and the overall economy, all of which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted. The outbreak of COVID-19 has already caused significant disruptions to the global financial markets which may impact the Company’s ability to raise additional capital, on acceptable terms or at all. If the financial markets and/or the overall economy are impacted for an extended period, the Company's operating results may be materially and adversely affected.

Note 7 – Common and Preferred Stock

Private Placement

In November 2019, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement with certain institutional and accredited investors, including Dr. Lon E. Bell, former Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer, for a private placement of the Company’s common stock and warrants to purchase common stock for aggregate gross proceeds of $3.5 million and net proceeds of $3.1 million (the “2019 Offering”). The 2019 Offering closed on November 13, 2019. In the 2019 Offering, the Company issued an aggregate of (i) 544,950 shares of common stock at $2.4763 per share and (ii) pre-funded Series B warrants to purchase 868,443 shares of common stock that are immediately exercisable and have no expiration date, at a price of $2.4763 less a nominal exercise price of $0.001 per pre-funded warrant. The Company also issued to the investors Series A warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 1,766,751 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $2.32 per share that are immediately exercisable and will expire five years from the issuance date. As compensation to the placement agent in the 2019 Offering, in addition to a cash fee for its services, the Company also issued to the placement agent a warrant to purchase up to 70,670 shares of common stock, with an exercise price of $2.9716 per share. The other terms of the placement agent warrant are substantially the same as the investor warrants.

Preferred Stock

The Company is authorized to issue 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock.

In February 2019, a shareholder converted 708,430 shares of preferred stock to 70,843 shares of common stock. On December 12, 2019, a shareholder converted 810,000 shares of preferred stock to 81,000 shares of common stock. At September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, there was no preferred stock outstanding.

Stock Issuance

In April 2020, the Company issued 26,316 unregistered shares of common stock, valued at $50,000 at the time of issuance, to a third-party vendor as compensation for services performed.

Note 8 – Equity Incentive Plan

In May 2013, the Company adopted the 2013 Equity Incentive Plan (as amended and restated, the “Plan”) and reserved shares of common stock for issuance under the Plan, which was amended effective June 16, 2020. As a result of the amendment, the number of shares authorized for issuance under the Plan increased by 350,000 shares and the Plan will now terminate on June 16, 2030, unless sooner terminated or extended by the Board. The Plan is administered by the Compensation Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors. At September 30, 2020, 226,461 shares of common stock were available for issuance under the Plan.

A summary of the Company’s stock option activity and related information is as follows:

During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company granted 52,791 stock options to Board members, 93,400 stock options to executives and 3,000 stock options to employees under the Plan. The estimated fair value of these stock options, calculated using the Black-Scholes option valuation model, was $353,072, of which $326,421 was recognized during the nine months ended September 30, 2020.

In April 2020, the Board approved a modification of a stock option grant to Dr. Lon E. Bell in connection with his retirement as Chief Executive Officer and President. The modification accelerated the vesting of Dr. Bell’s October 2019 stock option grant with full vesting effective immediately prior to the end of Dr. Bell’s term on the Board in June 2020. During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company recognized $79,444 of expense related to this grant subsequent to the modification.

At September 30, 2020, there was $76,097 of unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested equity awards granted under the Plan. That cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 0.9 years.

Note 9 – Warrants

Early Warrant Exercise Transaction

On July 31, 2020, the Company entered into letter agreements with certain of the Company’s Series A warrant holders (the “Series A Warrant Holders”), who were previously issued warrants (the “Original Warrants”) to purchase shares of common stock of the Company pursuant to a securities purchase agreement with certain institutional and accredited investors dated as of November 7, 2019. The Series A Warrant Holders agreed to the early exercise of Series A warrants pursuant to the letter agreements (the “Early Warrant Exercise Transaction”). The transaction closed on August 5, 2020. The Company raised net proceeds of $2.5 million in the Early Warrant Exercise Transaction.

Pursuant to the letter agreements and in consideration of the Series A Warrant Holders exercising Series A warrants to purchase an aggregate of 1,176,137 shares of common stock, the Company issued to the Series A Warrant Holders new Series C warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 705,688 shares of common stock with an exercise price of $8.90 per share and an expiration date of August 4, 2025. The estimated fair value of the Series C warrants was $3.7 million on the date of issuance and was recognized as a non-cash warrant inducement expense within other expenses in the statement of operations.

To the extent that a Series A Warrant Holder’s exercise of Original Warrants would result in such holder exceeding beneficial ownership of 9.99% of the outstanding common stock of the Company, such excess warrant shares will be held in abeyance for the benefit of such Series A Warrant Holder until such time as its right thereto would not result in the holder exceeding this limitation. The term of the abeyance shall extend no later than May 12, 2025. At September 30, 2020, 803,300 excess warrant shares were held in abeyance.

A summary of the Company’s warrant activity and related information is as follows:

Excluding the Early Warrant Exercise Transaction and during the nine months ended September 30, 2020, warrant holders exercised 175,934 warrants and 300,350 pre-funded warrants for proceeds to the Company of $424,431.

At September 30, 2020, all warrants are exercisable, although the warrants held by each of the Company’s four largest beneficial owners may be exercised only to the extent that the total number of shares of common stock then beneficially owned by such shareholder does not exceed 9.99% of the outstanding shares of the Company’s common stock. 

Note 10 – Loans 

In May 2020, the Company entered into a Loan Agreement and Promissory Note (collectively the “PPP Loan”) with BBVA USA pursuant to the Paycheck Protection Program (the “PPP”) under the recently enacted Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (“CARES Act”) administered by the U.S. Small Business Administration. The Company received total proceeds of $91,407 from the unsecured PPP Loan. The PPP Loan is scheduled to mature on May 4, 2022 and has an interest rate of 1.00% per annum and is subject to the terms and conditions applicable to loans administered by the U.S. Small Business Administration under the CARES Act. The PPP Loan may be prepaid by the Company at any time prior to its maturity with no prepayment penalties.

The PPP Loan contains customary events of default relating to, among other things, payment defaults and breaches of representations and warranties. Subject to certain conditions, the PPP Loan may be forgiven in whole or in part by applying for forgiveness pursuant to the CARES Act and the PPP. The amount of loan proceeds eligible for forgiveness is based on a formula based on a number of factors, including the amount of loan proceeds used by the Company during the 24-week period after the loan origination for certain purposes, including payroll costs, rent payments on certain leases and certain qualified utility payments, provided that, among other things, at least 60% of the loan amount is used for eligible payroll costs, the employer maintaining or rehiring employees and maintaining salaries at certain level. In accordance with the requirements of the CARES Act and the PPP, the Company used the proceeds from the PPP Loan primarily for payroll costs. The Company intends to apply for forgiveness of the PPP Loan during the fourth quarter of 2020. There can be no assurance that the Company will be granted forgiveness of the PPP Loan in whole or in part.

In April 2020, the Company also received a $5,000 advance related to a U.S. Small Business Administration Economic Injury Disaster Loan. The Company expects to repay this advance and has included it within accrued expenses.

SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS AND OTHER INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS REPORT

This report contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and the provisions of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act. Forward-looking statements give our current expectations or forecasts of future events. You can identify these statements by the fact that they do not relate strictly to historical or current facts. You can find many (but not all) of these statements by looking for words such as "approximates," "believes," "hopes," "expects," "anticipates," "estimates," "projects," "intends," "plans," "would," "should," "could," "may" or other similar expressions in this report. In particular, these include statements relating to future actions, prospective products, applications, customers, technologies, future performance or results of anticipated products, expenses, and financial results. These forward-looking statements are subject to certain risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from our historical experience and our present expectations or projections. Factors that could cause actual results to differ from those discussed in the forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to:

The forward-looking statements are based upon management’s beliefs and assumptions and are made as of the date of this report. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements included in this report. You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements.

Unless otherwise stated or the context otherwise requires, the terms “Ideal Power,” “we,” “us,” “our” and the “Company” refer to Ideal Power Inc.

ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q as well as our audited 2019 financial statements and related notes included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019. In addition to historical information, the discussion and analysis here and throughout this Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements that involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions. Our actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of certain factors, including, but not limited, to those set forth under “Risk Factors” in Part II, Item 1A of this report.

Overview

Ideal Power Inc. is located in Austin, Texas. Until April 2018, we were primarily focused on the design, marketing and sale of electrical power conversion products using our proprietary technology called Power Packet Switching Architecture™, or PPSA™. PPSA™ is a power conversion technology that improves upon existing power conversion technologies in key product metrics, such as size and weight while providing built-in isolation and bi-directional and multi-port capabilities. PPSA™ utilizes standardized hardware with application specific embedded software. Our products were designed to be used in both on-grid and off-grid applications with a focus on solar + storage, microgrid and stand-alone energy storage applications. The principal products of the Company were 30-kilowatt power conversion systems, including 2-port and multi-port products.

In April 2018, we realigned into two operating divisions: Power Conversion Systems, to continue the commercialization of our PPSA™ technology, and B-TRAN, to develop our Bi-directional bi-polar junction TRANsistor (B-TRAN™) solid state switch technology.

In January 2019, our Board of Directors approved a strategic shift to focus on the commercialization of our B-TRAN™ technology and a plan to suspend further power converter system, or PPSA™, development and sales while we located a buyer for our power conversion systems division and PPSA™ technology. In September 2019, we closed on the sale of our power conversion systems division and are now solely focused on the further development and commercialization of our B-TRAN™ technology. Prior to the sale of our PPSA™ business and technology in September 2019, we classified this division as held for sale. We show this division as a discontinued operation in our financial statements.

To date, operations have been funded primarily through the sale of common stock and warrants. Total revenue generated from inception to date as of September 30, 2020 amounted to $15.1 million with approximately $12.4 million of that revenue from discontinued operations and the remainder from grant revenue for bi-directional power switch development. Grant revenue was $147,787 and $154,302, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020. We did not have revenue from continuing operations in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019. We expect to pursue additional research and development grants, if and when available, to further develop and/or improve our technology.

COVID-19 Impact

In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the outbreak of COVID-19 as a pandemic, which continues to spread throughout the United States and the rest of the world. The ultimate extent of the impact of COVID-19 on the financial performance of the Company will depend on future developments, including, among other things, the duration and spread of COVID-19, governmental restrictions in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, and the overall economy, all of which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted. The outbreak of COVID-19 has already caused significant disruptions to the global financial markets which may impact the Company’s ability to raise additional capital, on acceptable terms or at all. If the financial markets and/or the overall economy are impacted for an extended period, the Company's operating results may be materially and adversely affected.

Recent Developments - Early Warrant Exercise Transaction

On August 5, 2020, we closed the Early Warrant Exercise Transaction (as defined below), pursuant to which certain holders of our outstanding Series A warrants exercised warrants to purchase an aggregate of 1,176,137 shares of common stock, and we issued to such holders new Series C warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 705,688 shares of common stock with an exercise price of $8.90 per share and an expiration date of August 4, 2025. We raised net proceeds of $2.5 million in the Early Warrant Exercise Transaction. See “Liquidity and Capital Resources—Early Warrant Exercise Transaction” below for additional information.

Results of Operations

Comparison of the three months ended September 30, 2020 to the three months ended September 30, 2019

Grant Revenues. Grant revenues for the three months ended September 30, 2020 were $147,787. The grant revenues relate to a $1.2 million subcontract with Diversified Technologies, Inc. (DTI) to supply B-TRAN™ devices as part of a two-year contract awarded to DTI by the United States Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA) for the development and demonstration of a B-TRAN™ enabled high efficiency direct current circuit breaker. We expect the grant revenue related to this subcontract to continue over the next two years with a majority of the revenue to be recognized over the first twelve to fifteen months of the subcontract.

Cost of Grant Revenues. Cost of grant revenues for the three months ended September 30, 2020 was $147,787. The cost of grant revenues relates to the subcontract discussed above and are equal to the associated grant revenues resulting in no gross profit.

Research and Development Expenses.   Research and development expenses increased by $243,775, or 97%, to $494,548 in the three months ended September 30, 2020 from $250,773 in the three months ended September 30, 2019. The increase was due to higher stock compensation expense of $127,295, contract labor of $65,688, semiconductor fabrication costs of $41,319 and consulting costs of $26,469, partly offset by lower other B-TRAN™ development spending of $16,996. We expect lower research and development expenses for the fourth quarter of 2020.

General and Administrative Expenses.   General and administrative expenses increased by $206,695, or 44%, to $677,967 in the three months ended September 30, 2020 from $471,272 in the three months ended September 30, 2019. The increase was due to higher bonus expense of $191,841, stock compensation expense of $64,626 and other costs of $5,047, partly offset by lower legal fees of $54,819. We expect lower general and administrative expenses for the fourth quarter of 2020.

Other Expenses.    Other expenses were $3,722,224 for the three months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $2,763 for the three months ended September 30, 2019. The increase in other expenses was due to non-cash warrant inducement expense of $3,720,866 as discussed below under Liquidity and Capital Resources: Early Warrant Exercise Transaction.

Loss from Continuing Operations.  Our loss from continuing operations for the three months ended September 30, 2020 was $4,894,739, or 575% higher than the $724,808 loss from continuing operations for the three months ended September 30, 2019 due to non-cash warrant inducement expense of $3,720,866 and the increases in research and development expenses and general and administrative expenses discussed above.

Loss from Discontinued Operations.   Our loss from discontinued operations for the three months ended September 30, 2019 was $78,796. As we sold our power conversion systems division in September 2019, we did not have a loss from discontinued operations for the three months ended September 30, 2020.

Loss on Sale of Discontinued Operations.   Our loss on sale of discontinued operations for the three months ended September 30, 2019 was $9,107.

Net Loss.   Our net loss for the three months ended September 30, 2020 was $4,894,739, or 502% higher, as compared to a net loss of $812,711 for the three months ended September 30, 2019, for the reasons discussed above.

Comparison of the nine months ended September 30, 2020 to the nine months ended September 30, 2019

Grant Revenues. Grant revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 were $154,302. The grant revenues relate to a $1.2 million subcontract with DTI to supply B-TRAN™ devices as part of a two-year contract awarded to DTI by NAVSEA for the development and demonstration of a B-TRAN™ enabled high efficiency direct current circuit breaker. We expect the grant revenue related to the NAVSEA subcontract to continue over the next two years with a majority of the revenue to be recognized over the first twelve to fifteen months of the subcontract.

Cost of Grant Revenues. Cost of grant revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 was $154,302. The cost of grant revenues relates to the subcontract discussed above and are equal to the associated grant revenues resulting in no gross profit. We expect no gross profit under the subcontract with DTI.

Research and Development Expenses.   Research and development expenses increased by $356,796, or 44%, to $1,161,537 in the nine months ended September 30, 2020 from $804,741 in the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The increase was due to higher semiconductor fabrication costs of $136,772, stock compensation expense of $119,414, bonus expense of $79,519 and other B-TRAN™ development spending of $21,091.

General and Administrative Expenses.   General and administrative expenses increased by $253,290, or 17%, to $1,773,615 in the nine months ended September 30, 2020 from $1,520,325 in the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The increase was primarily due to higher bonus expense of $215,522, stock compensation expense of $158,484 and other costs of $14,313 as well as fees incurred in connection with the search for our new chief executive officer of $137,459, partly offset by lower legal fees of $196,269 and facilities costs of $76,219.

Other Expenses.   Other expenses were $3,723,346 for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $3,072 for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. The increase in other expenses was due to non-cash warrant inducement expense of $3,720,866 as discussed below under Liquidity and Capital Resources: Early Warrant Exercise Transaction.

Loss from Continuing Operations.  Our loss from continuing operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 was $6,658,498 or 186% higher than the $2,328,138 loss from continuing operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 due to non-cash warrant inducement expense of $3,720,866 and the increase in research and development expenses and general and administrative expenses discussed above.

Loss from Discontinued Operations.   Our loss from discontinued operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 was $768,047 and included a $405,000 impairment of assets held for sale. As we sold our power conversion systems division in September 2019, we did not have a loss from discontinued operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2020.

 Loss on Sale of Discontinued Operations.   Our loss on sale of discontinued operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 was $9,107.

Net Loss.   Our net loss for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 was $6,658,498, or 114% higher, as compared to a net loss of $3,105,292 for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, for the reasons discussed above.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

We currently generate grant revenue only. We have funded our operations through the sale of common stock and warrants.

At September 30, 2020, we had cash and cash equivalents of $3,769,225 and net working capital of $3,356,205.

Our long-term debt at September 30, 2020 was $91,407. As discussed below, in May 2020, we received a PPP Loan (as defined below) to temporarily subsidize our payroll and facilities costs in a business landscape impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Operating activities in the nine months ended September 30, 2020 resulted in cash outflows of $2,303,639, which were due to the loss from continuing operations for the period of $6,658,498, partly offset by warrant inducement expense of $3,720,866, stock-based compensation of $434,782, depreciation and amortization of $86,368, stock issued for services of $50,000 and patent impairment charges of $18,235 and favorable balance sheet timing of $44,608. Operating activities in the nine months ended September 30, 2019 resulted in cash outflows of $2,433,236, which were due to the loss from continuing operations for the period of $2,328,138 and cash used in operating activities related to discontinued operations of $557,096 partly offset by non-cash items, including depreciation and amortization and stock-based compensation, of $239,795 and favorable balance sheet timing of $212,203. We expect flat to modestly higher cash outflows from operating activities for the fourth quarter of 2020. 

Investing activities in the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 resulted in cash outflows of $48,243 and $78,595, respectively, for the acquisition of intangible assets and fixed assets. The sale of our power conversion systems division resulted in a cash inflow of $23,587 from discontinued operations in the nine months ended September 30, 2019.

Financing activities in the nine months ended September 30, 2020 resulted in cash inflows of $3,063,425 and included net proceeds from the exercise of warrants of $2,972,018 and proceeds from loans of $91,407. For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, financing activities resulted in no cash inflows or outflows.

The Company’s independent registered public accounting firm, in its report on the Company’s 2019 financial statements, raised substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. On August 5, 2020 the Company completed the Early Warrant Exercise Transaction raising net proceeds of $2.5 million, thereby alleviating the substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern for at least the next twelve months from the date of issuance of this report.

As our B-TRAN™ technology is in the development stage and has not yet been commercialized, we may be required to obtain additional financing to continue our operations and execute our business plan. We may not be able to obtain such financing on commercially reasonable terms or at all, especially in light of the market volatility and uncertainty as a result of the COVID-19 outbreak. If we are unable to obtain such financing if and when needed, we will be required to reduce operating costs, which could jeopardize future strategic initiatives and business plans, or cease operations. In addition, there can be no assurances that we will be able to successfully commercialize our technology and develop profitable operations.

PPP Loan

On May 4, 2020, we entered into a Loan Agreement and Promissory Note (collectively the “PPP Loan”) with BBVA USA pursuant to the Paycheck Protection Program (the “PPP”) under the recently enacted Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (“CARES Act”) administered by the U.S. Small Business Administration. We received total proceeds of $91,407 from the unsecured PPP Loan. The PPP Loan is scheduled to mature on May 4, 2022 and has an interest rate of 1.00% per annum and is subject to the terms and conditions applicable to loans administered by the U.S. Small Business Administration under the CARES Act. The PPP Loan may be prepaid by us at any time prior to its maturity with no prepayment penalties.

The PPP Loan contains customary events of default relating to, among other things, payment defaults and breaches of representations and warranties. Subject to certain conditions, the PPP Loan may be forgiven in whole or in part by applying for forgiveness pursuant to the CARES Act and the PPP. The amount of loan proceeds eligible for forgiveness is based on a formula based on a number of factors, including the amount of loan proceeds used by us during the 24-week period after the loan origination for certain purposes, including payroll costs, rent payments on certain leases, and certain qualified utility payments, provided that, among other things, at least 60% of the loan amount is used for eligible payroll costs, the employer maintaining or rehiring employees and maintaining salaries at certain level. In accordance with the requirements of the CARES Act and the PPP, we used the proceeds from the PPP Loan primarily for payroll costs. We intend to apply for forgiveness of the PPL Loan during the fourth quarter of 2020. It is our expectation that the PPP Loan will be forgiven but no assurance can be given that we will be granted forgiveness of the PPP Loan in whole or in part.

Private Placement 

On November 13, 2019, we closed on a private placement of our common stock and warrants to purchase common stock for aggregate gross proceeds of $3.5 million and net proceeds of $3.1 million. We have been utilizing, and expect to continue to utilize, the net proceeds from this private placement to fund commercialization and development of our B-TRAN™ semiconductor technology and for working capital and general corporate purposes.

Early Warrant Exercise Transaction 

On July 31, 2020, we entered into letter agreements (the “Letter Agreements”) with certain of our Series A warrant holders (the “Series A Warrant Holders”), who were previously issued warrants (the “Original Warrants”) to purchase shares of our common stock pursuant to that certain securities purchase agreement between us and the other parties thereto, dated as of November 7, 2019. The Series A Warrant Holders agreed to the early exercise of their Original Warrants pursuant to the Letter Agreements (the “Early Warrant Exercise Transaction”). The transaction closed on August 5, 2020. We raised net proceeds of $2.5 million in the Early Warrant Exercise Transaction. We intend to utilize the net proceeds from the Early Warrant Exercise Transaction to fund commercialization and development of our B-TRAN™ semiconductor technology and general corporate and working capital purposes.

Pursuant to the Letter Agreements, in consideration of the Series A Warrant Holders exercising Original Warrants to purchase an aggregate of 1,176,137 shares of common stock, we issued to the Series A Warrant Holders new Series C warrants (the “New Warrants”) to purchase up to an aggregate of 705,688 shares of common stock, which is equal to 60% of the shares underlying the Original Warrants included in the Transaction. The New Warrants have an exercise price of $8.90 per share and an expiration date of August 4, 2025. The estimated fair value of the New Warrants was $3.7 million on the date of issuance and was recognized as a non-cash warrant inducement expense within other expenses in our statement of operations.

Critical Accounting Policies

Revenue Recognition

We recognize revenue and related cost of revenue in accordance with FASB ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (ASC 606) and, as applicable, with the guidance issued by the FASB in June 2018 for the recipients of grants.

Currently, we recognize grant revenue and cost of grant revenue only. Government contracts, including grants, are agreements that generally provide us with cost reimbursement for certain types of development activities over a contractually defined period. Grant revenue is recognized in the period during which we incur the related costs, provided that we have incurred the cost in accordance with the specifications and work plans determined between us and the government entity.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, we recognized $154,302 of grant revenue and cost of grant revenue. The grant revenue relates to a $1.2 million subcontract with Diversified Technologies, Inc. (DTI), signed in June 2020, to supply B-TRAN™ devices as part of a two-year contract awarded to DTI by the United States Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA) for the development and demonstration of a B-TRAN™ enabled high efficiency direct current circuit breaker. We account for this subcontract as an exchange transaction under applicable guidance. No grant revenue was recognized in the nine months ended September 30, 2019. Unbilled grant receivables were $28,623 at September 30, 2020 and were included in accounts receivable, net on our balance sheet.

There have been no other significant changes during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 to the critical accounting policies disclosed in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019.

Off-Balance Sheet Transactions

As of September 30, 2020, we did not have any off-balance sheet transactions.

ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

As a smaller reporting company, we are not required to provide this information.

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act) include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the Company’s reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms. The Company’s disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that this information is accumulated and communicated to management, including the principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. The Company conducted an evaluation (pursuant to Rule 13a-15(b) of the Exchange Act), under the supervision and with the participation of its Chief Executive Officer (principal executive officer) and its Chief Financial Officer (principal financial and accounting officer) of the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as of September 30, 2020 and has concluded that, as of September 30, 2020, the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There have been no material changes in our internal controls over financial reporting that occurred during the quarter ended September 30, 2020 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal controls over financial reporting.

Limitations on the Effectiveness of Controls

Control systems, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the control systems’ objectives are being met. Further, the design of any system of controls must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of all controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within the Company have been detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty and that breakdowns can occur because of error or mistake. Control systems can also be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by management override of the controls. The design of any system of controls is also based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions. Over time, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions or deterioration in the degree of compliance with policies or procedures.

PART II-OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

We may be subject to litigation from time to time in the ordinary course of business. We are not currently party to any legal proceedings that we believe would reasonably have a material adverse impact on our business, financial results and cash flows.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

There are no material changes from the risk factors disclosed in our 2019 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

None.

ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

Not applicable.

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION

None.

ITEM 6. EXHIBITS

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant, has duly, caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.